Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005) - Western Sahara (2008)

Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005) z Western Sahara (2008)

	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005)	Western Sahara (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order	none (under de facto control of Morocco)
Age structure	0-14 years: 24% (male 861/female 825) 15-64 years: 65.3% (male 2,330/female 2,251) 65 years and over: 10.6% (male 335/female 410) (2005 est.)	0-14 years: 45.4% (male 88,176/female 85,421) 15-64 years: 52.3% (male 98,345/female 101,895) 65 years and over: 2.3% (male 3,705/female 5,075) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish	fruits and vegetables (grown in the few oases); camels, sheep, goats (kept by nomads); fish
Airports	2 (2004 est.)	9 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Area	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups	total: 266,000 sq km land: 266,000 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC	about the size of Colorado
Background	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.	Morocco virtually annexed the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara) in 1976, and the rest of the territory in 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal. A guerrilla war with the Polisario Front contesting Rabat's sovereignty ended in a 1991 UN-brokered cease-fire; a UN-organized referendum on final status has been repeatedly postponed. In April 2007, Morocco presented an autonomy plan for the territory to the UN, which the U.S. considers serious and credible. The Polisario also presented a plan to the UN in 2007. Since August 2007, representatives from the Government of Morocco and the Polisario Front have met three times to negotiate the status of Western Sahara, with a fourth round of negotiations planned for March 2008.
Birth rate	13.83 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	NA 39.95 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.)	revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA
Capital	Saint-Pierre	none time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy	hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew
Coastline	120 km	1,110 km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)	-
Country name	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Western Sahara former: Spanish Sahara
Death rate	6.7 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	NA
Debt - external	$NA	$NA
Dependency status	self-governing territorial collectivity of France	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	none
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	none
Disputes - international	none	Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, whose sovereignty remains unresolved; UN-administered cease-fire has remained in effect since September 1991, administered by the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO), but attempts to hold a referendum have failed and parties thus far have rejected all brokered proposals; several states have extended diplomatic relations to the "Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic" represented by the Polisario Front in exile in Algeria, while others recognize Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara; most of the approximately 102,000 Sahrawi refugees are sheltered in camps in Tindouf, Algeria
Economic aid - recipient	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France	$NA
Economy - overview	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.	Western Sahara depends on pastoral nomadism, fishing, and phosphate mining as the principal sources of income for the population. The territory lacks sufficient rainfall for sustainable agricultural production, and most of the food for the urban population must be imported. Incomes in Western Sahara are substantially below the Moroccan level. The Moroccan Government controls all trade and other economic activities in Western Sahara. Morocco and the EU signed a four-year agreement in July 2006 allowing European vessels to fish off the coast of Morocco, including the disputed waters off the coast of Western Sahara. Moroccan energy interests in 2001 signed contracts to explore for oil off the coast of Western Sahara, which has angered the Polisario. However, in 2006 the Polisario awarded similar exploration licenses in the disputed territory, which would come into force if Morocco and the Polisario resolve their dispute over Western Sahara.
Electricity - consumption	40.06 million kWh (2002)	79.05 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	43.08 million kWh (2002)	85 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m	lowest point: Sebjet Tah -55 m highest point: unnamed location 463 m
Environment - current issues	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment	sparse water and lack of arable land
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: none of the selected agreements signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)	Arab, Berber
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)	Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 8.2827 (2007), 8.7722 (2006), 8.865 (2005), 8.868 (2004), 9.5744 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Albert DUPUY (since 10 January 2005) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council	none
Exports	NA	0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts	phosphates 62%
Exports - partners	Belgium 41.3%, US 19.9%, Spain 14.9%, France 10%, Germany 4.1% (2004)	Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with yellow wavy lines under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the rectangle into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one above the other; these three heraldic arms represent settlement by colonists from the Basque Country (top), Brittany, and Normandy; the flag of France is used for official occasions	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: 40%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $7,000 (2001 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA%
Geographic coordinates	46 50 N, 56 20 W	24 30 N, 13 00 W
Geography - note	vegetation scanty	the waters off the coast are particularly rich fishing areas
Highways	total: 114 km paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA	1,698 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials	fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs
Imports - partners	France 37.6%, Canada 25.3%, Ireland 25.2%, Italy 5.1% (2004)	Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts (2006)
Independence	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism	phosphate mining, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.54 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.66 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.1% (1991-96 average)	NA%
International organization participation	UPU, WFTU	none
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel	-
Labor force	3,261 (1999)	12,000
Labor force - by occupation	fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)	agriculture: 50% industry and services: 50%
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 2,046 km border countries: Algeria 42 km, Mauritania 1,561 km, Morocco 443 km
Land use	arable land: 13.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (2001)	arable land: 0.02% permanent crops: 0% other: 99.98% (2005)
Languages	French (official)	Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic
Legal system	French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation	-
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UDF 1	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.46 years male: 76.13 years female: 80.9 years (2005 est.)	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)	NA
Location	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)	Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco
Map references	North America	Africa
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	contingent upon resolution of sovereignty issue
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	-
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	-
Nationality	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French	noun: Sahrawi(s), Sahraoui(s) adjective: Sahrawi, Sahrawian, Sahraouian
Natural hazards	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard	hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility
Natural resources	fish, deepwater ports	phosphates, iron ore
Net migration rate	-4.99 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	Left Radical Party or PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP) [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	none
Population	7,012 (July 2005 est.)	382,617 note: estimate is based on projections by age, sex, fertility, mortality, and migration; fertility and mortality are based on data from neighboring countries (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	0.21% (2005 est.)	NA
Ports and harbors	Saint-Pierre	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Roman Catholic 99%	Muslim
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	NA
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign not yet completed
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 508; radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system	general assessment: sparse and limited system domestic: NA international: country code - 212; tied into Morocco's system by microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) linked to Rabat, Morocco
Telephones - main lines in use	4,800 (2002)	about 2,000 (1999 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1994)	0 (1999)
Television broadcast stations	0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)	NA
Terrain	mostly barren rock	mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast
Total fertility rate	2.03 children born/woman (2005 est.)	NA
Unemployment rate	9.8% (1997)	NA%

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